Vim qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov peev txheej roj av, kev nplua nuj ntawm cov khoom siv thee thiab kev txhim kho ntawm tib neeg kev paub txog kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, dimethyl ether, uas tau hloov los ntawm cov thee mus rau hauv cov roj huv, tau them nyiaj ntau dua thiab ntau dua. Raws li lwm cov roj rau LPG thiab roj av, dimethyl ether yog cov tshuaj uas muaj lub cev zoo sib xws rau LPG. Nws tsis tsim cov roj uas ua rau ib puag ncig puas tsuaj thaum hlawv, thiab tuaj yeem tsim tau pheej yig thiab ntau ntau.
Raws li cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg tsim tawm tshiab, dimethyl ether muaj ntau qhov tshwj xeeb siv hauv kev lag luam tshuaj xws li tshuaj, roj, thiab tshuaj tua kab vim nws cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm kev yooj yim compression, condensation, thiab gasification. Piv txwv li, high-purity dimethyl ether tuaj yeem hloov freon ua ib qho aerosol propellant thiab refrigerant, txo cov pa phem rau cov huab cua puag ncig thiab kev puas tsuaj rau ozone txheej. Vim nws cov dej zoo solubility thiab roj solubility, nws daim ntawv thov ntau zoo dua li ntawm propane, butane thiab lwm yam petrochemicals. Hloov methanol ua cov khoom siv tshiab rau formaldehyde ntau lawm tuaj yeem txo tus nqi ntawm formaldehyde ntau lawm, thiab nws qhia tau hais tias nws superiority nyob rau hauv loj-scale formaldehyde nroj tsuag. Raws li cov roj siv hluav taws xob hauv pej xeem, nws qhov chaw cia thiab kev thauj mus los, kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb, cov pa roj carbon monoxide premixed thiab theoretical combustion kub thiab lwm yam ntsuas kev ua tau zoo tshaj li cov roj av liquefied gas, thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua cov roj liquefied roj thiab cov roj liquefied roj sib xyaw rau hauv cov kav dej hauv nroog. . Nws kuj yog ib qho zoo tagnrho roj rau diesel xyaw. Piv nrog methanol roj tsheb, tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm kev pib txias ntawm tsheb. DME kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov pa roj carbon olefins tsawg rau yav tom ntej.
1. Tsheb roj
Raws li lub tsheb roj los hloov cov diesel, nws yog lub ntsiab ntawm kev lag luam daim ntawv thov ntawm dimethyl ether tam sim no. Feem ntau, cov thermal efficiency ntawm diesel xyaw yog 7 feem pua -9 feem pua siab dua li ntawm cov roj av cav, tab sis cov diesel xyaw uas twb muaj lawm yog maj mam raug tshem tawm vim muaj kuab paug siab. Lub cav diesel siv dimethyl ether li roj yog maj mam hloov cov thawj diesel cav vim nws qhov zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig.
Lub zog ntawm lub cav dimethyl ether yog siab dua li ntawm lub cav diesel, uas tuaj yeem txo cov suab nrov, paub txog qhov tsis muaj pa taws, ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, thiab yog ib qho zoo tagnrho hloov roj rau diesel. Tom qab oxidative coupling ntawm dimethyl ether, ib tug roj additive nrog ib tug xov tooj ntawm cetane ntawm 60-100 tuaj yeem ua ke. Ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, cov tshuaj ntxiv tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog cov roj diesel hauv txhua qhov kev faib ua feem, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau roj nrog tus lej cetane ntawm 41-57.
Cov tsheb uas siv dimethyl ether tuaj yeem dhau los ua ob lub tsheb roj uas tuaj yeem hlawv roj thiab roj yam tsis tau hloov cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsheb qub. Kev teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom siv roj av yog qhov yooj yim thiab yooj yim, thiab nws cov nqi installation thiab cov nqi ntawm kev tsim lub chaw nres tsheb roj yog qis dua li LPG thiab CNG roj tsheb.
2. Civil roj
Vim tias dimethyl ether muaj cov khoom zoo sib xws rau cov roj av liquefied, thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv xws li kev ua kom tiav thiab muaj kuab paug tsawg, dimethyl ether muaj kev lag luam loj heev uas yog hom tshiab ntawm cov roj huv huv. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov roj hauv pej xeem hauv nroog loj thiab nruab nrab uas tsis muaj LPG thiab CNG cov peev txheej tsis txaus. Qhov purity ntawm roj-qib dimethyl ether feem ntau yog 98 feem pua, thiab tus so yog methanol, C 3-C4 hydrocarbons, thiab dej, uas tuaj yeem xyuas kom meej tias lub raj mis dimethyl ether hlawv tawm ntawm chav tsev kub. DME muaj cov txiaj ntsig hauv qab no raws li kev siv roj av.
(1) DME tuaj yeem ua kua dej hauv chav sov, thiab lub siab ntawm lub tog raj kheej ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm cov roj av liquefied uas twb muaj lawm, thiab tuaj yeem khaws cia rau hauv cov roj av liquefied roj tso tsheb hlau luam uas twb muaj lawm.
(2) Dimethyl ether, zoo li LPG, yog cov roj gaseous, siv tau yooj yim, tsis tas yuav preheat, thiab nws tuaj yeem qhib thaum twg siv.
(3) Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm dimethyl ether yog ruaj khov thiab tsis muaj cov kua seem, uas tuaj yeem ua kom cov neeg siv tau zoo. [3]
(4) DME muaj cov yam ntxwv combustion zoo dua li LPG, thiab tsis muaj roj txaus ntshai yuav raug tsim tawm thaum combustion.
(5) Fuel-grade dimethyl ether (DME>98 feem pua) tuaj yeem siv rau kev siv pej xeem, thiab nws qhov kev ua tau zoo yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm thauj mus los, khaws cia thiab siv, thiab nws muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab txhim khu kev qha.
(6) Tus nqi ntawm DME qhov cub thiab LPG qhov cub ntawm tib qib yog tib yam. Yog tias koj xav tau rov kho qhov qub LPG qhov cub, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum siv nyiaj me me ntawm txhua qhov cub.
3. Aerosol propellant
Los ntawm kev xav ntawm dimethyl ether noj, aerosol propellant yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv dimethyl ether. Txij li thaum xyoo 1960, cov khoom siv aerosol tau nrov nrog cov neeg siv khoom vim lawv cov khoom ntim tshwj xeeb. Yav dhau los, ntau cov khoom siv aerosol tau siv chlorofluorocarbons ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Thaum lawv tau siv, lawv tag nrho raug tso tawm mus rau hauv cov huab cua, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov huab cua ozone txheej, yog li cuam tshuam rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag kev loj hlob, thiab lub ntiaj teb ecological ib puag ncig. Yog li ntawd, txhua lub teb chaws hauv ntiaj teb tab tom ua haujlwm hnyav los nrhiav kev hloov pauv rau Erbauxin. Txij li xyoo 1988, kuv lub tebchaws tau txwv tsis pub siv cov tshuaj chlorofluorocarbons (tshwj tsis yog cov khoom siv kho mob) ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv aerosols. Lwm txoj hauv kev rau chlorofluorocarbons tam sim no suav nrog LPG, DME, compressed gas (CO2, N2, N2O), hydrochlorofluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons thiab lwm yam khoom. Nrog nws cov kev ua tau zoo hauv kev lag luam aerosol, DME tau maj mam hloov lwm cov aerosols thiab dhau los ua lub cev tseem ceeb ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob thib plaub. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua huab cua freshener, tshuaj tua kab, ua npuas ncauj caulk, streamers, thiab lwm yam.
4. Ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg refrigerant thiab foaming tus neeg sawv cev
Cov yam ntxwv yooj yim liquefaction ntawm dimethyl ether kuj tau nyiam cov neeg nyiam. Ua kom zoo dua ntawm DME cov pa phem tsawg thiab cov tub yees zoo, ntau lub teb chaws tab tom tsim DME es tsis txhob siv cov hydrofluorocarbons ua cov tub yees lossis tshuab tshuab. Raws li tus neeg sawv cev ua npuas dej, dimethyl ether tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom ua npuas ncauj thiab lwm yam khoom muaj lub cev loj, txhim khu kev yooj yim thiab ua haujlwm siab, thiab muaj kev sib tsoo zoo. Cov teb chaws txawv teb chaws tau ua tiav cov neeg ua npuas ncauj siv DME ua polystyrene, polyurethane, thiab thermoplastic polyester foams.
5. Cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg
Dimethyl ether yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv raw, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg los yog koom nrog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg. Daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm diformaldehyde yog cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov dimethyl sulfate. Tus nqi ntawm dimethyl ether noj los ntawm dimethyl sulfate nyob rau hauv txawv teb chaws suav txog li 35 feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov nyiaj ntawm DME, thaum nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj, dimethyl sulfate txoj kev yog tag nrho cov siv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm sulfuric acid. Txoj kev no. Cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm methyl hydrogen sulfate ntawm txoj kev no yog tshuaj lom ntau dua, cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yog corroded hnyav, thiab cov khoom tsis zoo. Nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev nce ntxiv ntawm DME cov zis, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv dimethyl ether los ua ke dimethyl sulfate los hloov cov tshuaj methanol sulfuric acid txoj kev.
Dimethyl ether tuaj yeem ua carbonylated los tsim methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetic anhydride, thiab vinyl acetate; nws tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev methylating los tsim cov alkyl halides thiab dimethyl sulfide, uas yog siv rau hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, tshuaj tua kab thiab roj; Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev sib txuas rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov organic silicon tebchaw: DME tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog hydrocyanic acid los tsim acetonitrile, thiab hnov mob nrog ethylene oxide los tsim ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, thiab lwm yam: DME lub cev qhuav dej tuaj yeem tsim cov pa roj carbon tsawg, thiab DME kuj yog ib qho zoo heev organic hnyav.
6. Txiav roj
Dimethyl ether hloov acetylene li cov roj txiav, uas yog tib yam li cov cuab yeej txiav uas siv acetylene li roj, thiab muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo, kev txiav nto, tsis xav tau polishing thiab sib tsoo, uas tuaj yeem txuag tau ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm. Piv nrog rau kev siv cov roj acetylene, nws tuaj yeem txuag tau ntau dua 60 feem pua ntawm cov nqi: Kev hloov pauv ntau ntawm dimethyl ether rau acetylene rau kev txiav tuaj yeem txo qhov kev tsim muaj kuab paug thiab muaj zog-siv calcium carbide, uas yog qhov tsim nyog. rau kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig.
7. Dimethyl ether fais fab tuag
DME yog cov roj huv uas siv tau los tsim hluav taws xob. Txij li thaum muaj cov nqi qis qis hauv kuv lub teb chaws tau siv rau kev tsim hluav taws xob hauv cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob, DME tsis tau muab qhov tseem ceeb tam sim no. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias kuv lub teb chaws npaj yuav siv cov pa roj carbon monoxide los tsim hluav taws xob, nws yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam los txiav txim siab qhov kev sib tw ntawm DME thiab cov roj nkev hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob.
8. Cua sov thiab da dej
Dimethyl ether yog siv los ua roj rau cov cua sov hauv tsev, da dej, thiab lwm yam hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsis muaj cua sov hauv nruab nrab. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub sijhawm cua sov luv, feem ntau tsuas yog 8-15s, thiab tuaj yeem kho cov dej kub raws li qhov xav tau, tuaj yeem muab cov dej kub sai sai, siv sijhawm ntev, tus nqi qis, thiab muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev txuag hluav taws xob, ib puag ncig. kev tiv thaiv, kev ua haujlwm siab, thiab kev nyab xeeb.
